BE.RN.
CONSERVATION
REFERENCES:
The Catfish Family. (1999). Guide to California Freshwater Fishes, 118.
Da, C. T., Hung, L. T., Berg, H., Lindberg, J. E., & Lundh, T. (2013). Evaluation of potential feed sources, and technical and economic considerations of small-scale commercial striped catfish ( P angasius hypothalamus) pond farming systems in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Aquaculture Research, 44(3), 427-438. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2109.2011.03048.x
Diogo, Rui. (2006). Cordelia's Dilemma, Historical Bias, and General Evolutionary Trends: Catfishes as a Case Study for General Discussions on Phylogeny and Macroevolution. International Journal of Morphology, 24(4), 607-618. Retrieved November 27, 2015, from http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.phpscript=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022006000500016&lng=en&tlng=en. 10.4067/S0717-95022006000500016.
Diogo, R. (2007). Homoplasies, Consistency Index and the Complexity of Morphological Evolution: Catfishes as a Case Study for General Discussions on Phylogeny and Macroevolution. International Journal Of Morphology, 25(4), 831-837.
EGGE, J. D., & SIMONS, A. M. (2011). Evolution of venom delivery structures in madtom catfishes (Siluriformes: Ictaluridae). Biological Journal Of The Linnean Society, 102(1), 115-129. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8312.2010.01578.x
Junqueira, M. P., Grund, L. Z., Orii, N. M., Saraiva, T. C., de Magalhães Lopes, C. A., Lima, C., & Lopes-Ferreira, M. (2007). Analysis of the inflammatory reaction induced by the catfish (Cathorops spixii) venoms. Toxicon, 49909-919. doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.01.004
KAPOOR, B. G., & BHARGAVA, S. C. (1967). A Study on the Barbels of a Marine Catfish, <I>Arius thalassinus</I> (RÜPP.). 魚類学雑誌, 14(4-6), 201-206_2.
Kaar, C., Plikaitis, C., Germino, K., & Nakanishi, A. (2014). Catfish Noodling Forearm Injury Requiring Urgent Surgical Treatment: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine, 25(1), 75-79.
Khan, U., Hasan, Z., Inayatullah, M., & Jan, A. (2014). Feeding Habits of a Freshwater Catfish, Clupisoma naziri (Pisces: Schilbidae) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Rivers, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal Of Zoology, 46(4), 1166-1169.
Koster, W. M., Dawson, D. R., Clunie, P., Hames, F., McKenzie, J., Moloney, P. D., & Crook, D. A. (2015). Movement and habitat use of the freshwater catfish ( Tandanus tandanus) in a remnant floodplain wetland. Ecology Of Freshwater Fish, 24(3), 443-455. doi:10.1111/eff.12159
Lujan, N. K., Armbruster, J. W., Lovejoy, N. R., & López-Fernández, H. (2015). Multilocus molecular phylogeny of the suckermouth armored catfishes (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) with a focus on subfamily Hypostominae. Molecular Phylogenetics And Evolution, 82(Part A), 269-288. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.08.02
Mallet, J., & Dasmahapatra, K. (2011). Evolutionary biology: Catfish mimics. Nature, 469(7328), 41-42. doi:10.1038/469041a
MARSHALL, M. D., MACEINA, M. J., & HOLLEY, M. P. (2009). Age and Growth Variability between Sexes of Three Catfish Species in Lake Wilson, Alabama. North American Journal Of Fisheries Management, 29(5), 1283. doi:10.1577/M08-258.1
Martignac, F., Daroux, A., Bagliniere, J., Ombredane, D., & Guillard, J. (2015). The use of acoustic cameras in shallow waters: new hydroacoustic tools for monitoring migratory fish population. A review of DIDSON technology. Fish & Fisheries, 16(3), 486-510. doi:10.1111/faf.12071
Parra-Bracamonte, G. M., Sifuentes-Rincón, A. M., De la Rosa-Reyna, X. F., Arellano-Vera, W., & Sosa-Reyes, B. (2011). Inbreeding evidence in a traditional channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) hatchery in Mexico. Electronic Journal Of Biotechnology, 14(6), 1-6. doi:10.2225/vol14-issue6-fulltext-7
Sakata, ,. y., Tsukahara, j., & Kiyohara, S. (2001). Distribution of nerve fibers in the barbels of sea catfish Plotosus lineatus. Fisheries Science, 67(6), 1136-1144.
Satora, L., Kuciel, M., & Gawlikowski, T. (2008). CATFISH STINGS AND THE VENOM APPARATUS OF THE AFRICAN CATFISH CLARIAS GARIEFINUS (BURCHELL, 1822), AND STINGING CATFISH HETEROFNEUSTES FOSSILIS (BLOCH, 1794). Annals Of Agricultural & Environmental Medicine, 15(1), 163-166.
Supiwong, W., Liehr, T., Cioffi, M. B., Chaveerach, A., Kosyakova, N., Pinthong, K., & ... Tanomtong, A. (2014). Chromosomal evolution in naked catfishes (Bagridae, Siluriformes): A comparative chromosome mapping study. Zoologischer Anzeiger - A Journal Of Comparative Zoology, 253316-320. doi:10.1016/j.jcz.2014.02.004
Yao, J., Mu, W., Liu, S., Zhang, J., Wen, H., & Liu, Z. (2015). Identification, phylogeny and expression analysis of suppressors of cytokine signaling in channel catfish. Molecular Immunology, 64(2), 276-284. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2014.12.003
Catfish Evolution Infographic
Blue Catfish (Ictalurus furcatus)
Flathead Catfish (Pylodictis olivaris)
Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)
Yellow Bullhead Catfish (Ameiuris natalis)
Silver Catfish (Schilbe intermedius)
Image created by Brooke E. Ryan
Range of the Channel Catfish:
Catfish make up a third of the freshwater species of fish on the Earth, while also representing an extremely diversified and cosmopolitan group (Diogo, 2007).
Catfish do NOT have scales and are therefore refered to as naked or armored! (The Catfish Family, 1999)
Image received from: http://www.anacostiariverkeeper.org/updates/make-sure-district-deparment-environment-hears-your-voice-heres-how-submit-comments-plan-rem
Lack of Genetic Diversity has threatened the Catfish because of habitat loss, in the wild, and bad managment decisions made in hatcheries
Inbreeding can happen from limited population in a given area: Hatcheries
Small Pond
Limited river habitat from potential dam biulding
Bioaccumulation is a serious threat to Catfish because of the food they consume
Photograph by: Brooke E. Ryan
East 9th Street Pier
Cleveland, Ohio 2015
Even though the Catfish is known for its resourcefulness there are some things that are unable to escape.
Point and Non Point pollution can contaminate waterways that fish, like the Catfish, call home
Habitat loss and fragmentation created by man-made dams and lowering of water levels can threaten Catfish species
Catfish are well know for their 4 pairs of barbels / whiskers that are responsible for taste and tackle abilities (Sakata, 2001).
Different species of Catfish have evolved to have distinct ray fins, colors and differently shaped heads
Image recieved from: https://www.pinterest.com/pin/154881674658978307/
Image retrieved from: http://www.catfishedge.com/best-catfish-bait/
Catfish are a sport fish that can be caught with the use of traditional rod and reel . Catfish noodling is a ancient form of hand fishing that has grown in popularity (Karr, 2014).
Image recieved from: http://www.snopes.com/photos/animals/noodling.asp
Overfishing large catfish can make it hard for succussful natural selection in the wild.
Reproductive strategies of Blue and Channel Catfish lead toward sexual selection toward larger male catfish (Marshall, 2009). With sport fishing being a threat to this species the largest of the catfish are targeted and therefore can make sexual selection harder for females and affect reproduction levels.
An interesting study was completed on the neotropical catfish family Loricariidae that supported three independent origins of similar and globally unique morphological specializations for consuming WOOD (Lujan, 2015).
Image retrieved from: http://www.catfishedge.com/best-catfish-bait/
Catfish are known for being scavengers or bottom feeders and have even been known for eating dead or rotting material (The Catfish Family, 1999).
Catfish Mimics
The armored catfish from the subfamily Corydoradinae will swim in multispecies groups locally, which allows for these unrelated visually similar species to benefit from the catfishes spines and creates a mutualistic relationship between them all (Mallet, 2011).
Other fish want to be Catfish too!
Venom Glands located in the spines of dorsal and pectoral fins have evolved in numerous catfish species
Some catfish also have venomous mucus
Image recieved from: http://www.practicalfishkeeping.co.uk/content.php?sid=3466